R keele näited Käivitamiseks Linuxi käsk R > 3+2 [1] 5 > x=3 > y=5 > x*y [1] 15 > eesnimed=c("Juku", "Kati", "Mati") > eesnimed [1] "Juku" "Kati" "Mati" > eesnimed[2] [1] "Kati" > 2*eesnimed Error in 2 * eesnimed : non-numeric argument to binary operator > pikkused=c(180, 170, 175) > pikkused+3 [1] 183 173 178 > pikkused/2 [1] 90.0 85.0 87.5 > pikkused/2.54 [1] 70.86614 66.92913 68.89764 > massid=c(65, 55, 75) > pikkused/massid [1] 2.769231 3.090909 2.333333 > #arvutage inimeste massid naelades > massid/0.453 [1] 143.4879 121.4128 165.5629 > mtcars mpg cyl disp hp drat wt qsec vs am gear carb Mazda RX4 21.0 6 160.0 110 3.90 2.620 16.46 0 1 4 4 Mazda RX4 Wag 21.0 6 160.0 110 3.90 2.875 17.02 0 1 4 4 Datsun 710 22.8 4 108.0 93 3.85 2.320 18.61 1 1 4 1 Hornet 4 Drive 21.4 6 258.0 110 3.08 3.215 19.44 1 0 3 1 Hornet Sportabout 18.7 8 360.0 175 3.15 3.440 17.02 0 0 3 2 Valiant 18.1 6 225.0 105 2.76 3.460 20.22 1 0 3 1 Duster 360 14.3 8 360.0 245 3.21 3.570 15.84 0 0 3 4 Merc 240D 24.4 4 146.7 62 3.69 3.190 20.00 1 0 4 2 Merc 230 22.8 4 140.8 95 3.92 3.150 22.90 1 0 4 2 Merc 280 19.2 6 167.6 123 3.92 3.440 18.30 1 0 4 4 Merc 280C 17.8 6 167.6 123 3.92 3.440 18.90 1 0 4 4 Merc 450SE 16.4 8 275.8 180 3.07 4.070 17.40 0 0 3 3 Merc 450SL 17.3 8 275.8 180 3.07 3.730 17.60 0 0 3 3 Merc 450SLC 15.2 8 275.8 180 3.07 3.780 18.00 0 0 3 3 Cadillac Fleetwood 10.4 8 472.0 205 2.93 5.250 17.98 0 0 3 4 Lincoln Continental 10.4 8 460.0 215 3.00 5.424 17.82 0 0 3 4 Chrysler Imperial 14.7 8 440.0 230 3.23 5.345 17.42 0 0 3 4 Fiat 128 32.4 4 78.7 66 4.08 2.200 19.47 1 1 4 1 Honda Civic 30.4 4 75.7 52 4.93 1.615 18.52 1 1 4 2 Toyota Corolla 33.9 4 71.1 65 4.22 1.835 19.90 1 1 4 1 Toyota Corona 21.5 4 120.1 97 3.70 2.465 20.01 1 0 3 1 Dodge Challenger 15.5 8 318.0 150 2.76 3.520 16.87 0 0 3 2 AMC Javelin 15.2 8 304.0 150 3.15 3.435 17.30 0 0 3 2 Camaro Z28 13.3 8 350.0 245 3.73 3.840 15.41 0 0 3 4 Pontiac Firebird 19.2 8 400.0 175 3.08 3.845 17.05 0 0 3 2 Fiat X1-9 27.3 4 79.0 66 4.08 1.935 18.90 1 1 4 1 Porsche 914-2 26.0 4 120.3 91 4.43 2.140 16.70 0 1 5 2 Lotus Europa 30.4 4 95.1 113 3.77 1.513 16.90 1 1 5 2 Ford Pantera L 15.8 8 351.0 264 4.22 3.170 14.50 0 1 5 4 Ferrari Dino 19.7 6 145.0 175 3.62 2.770 15.50 0 1 5 6 Maserati Bora 15.0 8 301.0 335 3.54 3.570 14.60 0 1 5 8 Volvo 142E 21.4 4 121.0 109 4.11 2.780 18.60 1 1 4 2 > > help(faithful) > help(mtcars) [, 1] mpg Miles/(US) gallon [, 2] cyl Number of cylinders [, 3] disp Displacement (cu.in.) [, 4] hp Gross horsepower [, 5] drat Rear axle ratio [, 6] wt Weight (lb/1000) [, 7] qsec 1/4 mile time [, 8] vs V/S [, 9] am Transmission (0 = automatic, 1 = manual) [,10] gear Number of forward gears > mtcars[1, 3] [1] 160 > > mtcars["Mazda RX4", "disp"] [1] 160 > mtcars["Mazda RX4", ] mpg cyl disp hp drat wt qsec vs am gear carb Mazda RX4 21 6 160 110 3.9 2.62 16.46 0 1 4 4 > mtcars["Mazda RX4", ]$hp [1] 110 > mtcars$cyl [1] 6 6 4 6 8 6 8 4 4 6 6 8 8 8 8 8 8 4 4 4 4 8 8 8 8 4 4 4 8 6 8 4 > > mtcars["cyl"] cyl Mazda RX4 6 Mazda RX4 Wag 6 Datsun 710 4 Hornet 4 Drive 6 Hornet Sportabout 8 Valiant 6 Duster 360 8 Merc 240D 4 Merc 230 4 Merc 280 6 Merc 280C 6 Merc 450SE 8 Merc 450SL 8 Merc 450SLC 8 Cadillac Fleetwood 8 Lincoln Continental 8 Chrysler Imperial 8 Fiat 128 4 Honda Civic 4 Toyota Corolla 4 Toyota Corona 4 Dodge Challenger 8 AMC Javelin 8 Camaro Z28 8 Pontiac Firebird 8 Fiat X1-9 4 Porsche 914-2 4 Lotus Europa 4 Ford Pantera L 8 Ferrari Dino 6 Maserati Bora 8 Volvo 142E 4 > mtcars[c("gear", "am")] gear am Mazda RX4 4 1 Mazda RX4 Wag 4 1 Datsun 710 4 1 Hornet 4 Drive 3 0 Hornet Sportabout 3 0 Valiant 3 0 Duster 360 3 0 Merc 240D 4 0 Merc 230 4 0 Merc 280 4 0 Merc 280C 4 0 Merc 450SE 3 0 Merc 450SL 3 0 Merc 450SLC 3 0 Cadillac Fleetwood 3 0 Lincoln Continental 3 0 Chrysler Imperial 3 0 Fiat 128 4 1 Honda Civic 4 1 Toyota Corolla 4 1 Toyota Corona 3 0 Dodge Challenger 3 0 AMC Javelin 3 0 Camaro Z28 3 0 Pontiac Firebird 3 0 Fiat X1-9 4 1 Porsche 914-2 5 1 Lotus Europa 5 1 Ford Pantera L 5 1 Ferrari Dino 5 1 Maserati Bora 5 1 Volvo 142E 4 1 > > mtcars$am==0 [1] FALSE FALSE FALSE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE [13] TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE FALSE FALSE FALSE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE [25] TRUE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE > #manuaalkastiga autod > mtcars[mtcars$am==0, ] mpg cyl disp hp drat wt qsec vs am gear carb Hornet 4 Drive 21.4 6 258.0 110 3.08 3.215 19.44 1 0 3 1 Hornet Sportabout 18.7 8 360.0 175 3.15 3.440 17.02 0 0 3 2 Valiant 18.1 6 225.0 105 2.76 3.460 20.22 1 0 3 1 Duster 360 14.3 8 360.0 245 3.21 3.570 15.84 0 0 3 4 Merc 240D 24.4 4 146.7 62 3.69 3.190 20.00 1 0 4 2 Merc 230 22.8 4 140.8 95 3.92 3.150 22.90 1 0 4 2 Merc 280 19.2 6 167.6 123 3.92 3.440 18.30 1 0 4 4 Merc 280C 17.8 6 167.6 123 3.92 3.440 18.90 1 0 4 4 Merc 450SE 16.4 8 275.8 180 3.07 4.070 17.40 0 0 3 3 Merc 450SL 17.3 8 275.8 180 3.07 3.730 17.60 0 0 3 3 Merc 450SLC 15.2 8 275.8 180 3.07 3.780 18.00 0 0 3 3 Cadillac Fleetwood 10.4 8 472.0 205 2.93 5.250 17.98 0 0 3 4 Lincoln Continental 10.4 8 460.0 215 3.00 5.424 17.82 0 0 3 4 Chrysler Imperial 14.7 8 440.0 230 3.23 5.345 17.42 0 0 3 4 Toyota Corona 21.5 4 120.1 97 3.70 2.465 20.01 1 0 3 1 Dodge Challenger 15.5 8 318.0 150 2.76 3.520 16.87 0 0 3 2 AMC Javelin 15.2 8 304.0 150 3.15 3.435 17.30 0 0 3 2 Camaro Z28 13.3 8 350.0 245 3.73 3.840 15.41 0 0 3 4 Pontiac Firebird 19.2 8 400.0 175 3.08 3.845 17.05 0 0 3 2 > mtcars[mtcars$am==0 & mtcars$gear==4, ] mpg cyl disp hp drat wt qsec vs am gear carb Merc 240D 24.4 4 146.7 62 3.69 3.19 20.0 1 0 4 2 Merc 230 22.8 4 140.8 95 3.92 3.15 22.9 1 0 4 2 Merc 280 19.2 6 167.6 123 3.92 3.44 18.3 1 0 4 4 Merc 280C 17.8 6 167.6 123 3.92 3.44 18.9 1 0 4 4 > mtcars[mtcars$am==0 & mtcars$gear==4, c("cyl", "qsec")] cyl qsec Merc 240D 4 20.0 Merc 230 4 22.9 Merc 280 6 18.3 Merc 280C 6 18.9 > mtcars[mtcars$mpg>20, ] mpg cyl disp hp drat wt qsec vs am gear carb Mazda RX4 21.0 6 160.0 110 3.90 2.620 16.46 0 1 4 4 Mazda RX4 Wag 21.0 6 160.0 110 3.90 2.875 17.02 0 1 4 4 Datsun 710 22.8 4 108.0 93 3.85 2.320 18.61 1 1 4 1 Hornet 4 Drive 21.4 6 258.0 110 3.08 3.215 19.44 1 0 3 1 Merc 240D 24.4 4 146.7 62 3.69 3.190 20.00 1 0 4 2 Merc 230 22.8 4 140.8 95 3.92 3.150 22.90 1 0 4 2 Fiat 128 32.4 4 78.7 66 4.08 2.200 19.47 1 1 4 1 Honda Civic 30.4 4 75.7 52 4.93 1.615 18.52 1 1 4 2 Toyota Corolla 33.9 4 71.1 65 4.22 1.835 19.90 1 1 4 1 Toyota Corona 21.5 4 120.1 97 3.70 2.465 20.01 1 0 3 1 Fiat X1-9 27.3 4 79.0 66 4.08 1.935 18.90 1 1 4 1 Porsche 914-2 26.0 4 120.3 91 4.43 2.140 16.70 0 1 5 2 Lotus Europa 30.4 4 95.1 113 3.77 1.513 16.90 1 1 5 2 Volvo 142E 21.4 4 121.0 109 4.11 2.780 18.60 1 1 4 2 > sum(mtcars$mpg) [1] 642.9 > mean(mtcars$mpg) [1] 20.09062 > max(mtcars$mpg) [1] 33.9 > min(mtcars$mpg) [1] 10.4 > length(mtcars$mpg) [1] 32 > mtcars[mtcars$gear==max(mtcars$gear), ] mpg cyl disp hp drat wt qsec vs am gear carb Porsche 914-2 26.0 4 120.3 91 4.43 2.140 16.7 0 1 5 2 Lotus Europa 30.4 4 95.1 113 3.77 1.513 16.9 1 1 5 2 Ford Pantera L 15.8 8 351.0 264 4.22 3.170 14.5 0 1 5 4 Ferrari Dino 19.7 6 145.0 175 3.62 2.770 15.5 0 1 5 6 Maserati Bora 15.0 8 301.0 335 3.54 3.570 14.6 0 1 5 8